Module 11: TCP/IP Transport and Application Layers

Overview
The TCP/IP transport layer transports data between applications on source and destination devices. Familiarity with the transport layer is essential to understand modern data networks. This module will describe the functions and services of this layer.

Many of the network applications that are found at the TCP/IP application layer are familiar to most network users. HTTP, FTP, and SMTP are acronyms that are commonly seen by users of Web browsers and e-mail clients. This module also describes the function of these and other applications from the TCP/IP networking model. This module covers some of the objectives for the CCNA 640-801, INTRO 640-821, and ICND 640-811 exams.

Students who complete this module should be able to perform the following tasks:

• Describe the functions of the TCP/IP transport layer
• Describe flow control
• Explain how a connection is established between peer systems
• Describe windowing
• Describe acknowledgment
• Identify and describe transport layer protocols
• Describe TCP and UDP header formats
• Describe TCP and UDP port numbers
• List the major protocols of the TCP/IP application layer
• Provide a brief description of the features and operation of well-known TCP/IP applications

Comments

OSI layers / Peer-to-peer communications / TCP/IP model

OSI layers 2.3.4 This page discusses the seven layers of the OSI model. The OSI reference model is a framework that is used to understand how information travels throughout a network. The OSI reference model explains how packets travel through the various layers to another device on a network, even if the sender and destination have different types of network media. In the OSI reference model, there are seven numbered layers, each of which illustrates a particular network function. - Dividing the network into seven layers provides the following advantages: • It breaks network communication into smaller, more manageable parts. • It standardizes network components to allow multiple vendor development and support. • It allows different types of network hardware and software to communicate with each other. • It prevents changes in one layer from affecting other layers. • It divides network communication into smaller parts to make learning it easier to understand. In the foll...

PC Basic...

• Backplane – A backplane is an electronic circuit board containing circuitry and sockets into which additional electronic devices on other circuit boards or cards can be plugged; in a computer, generally synonymous with or part of the motherboard. • Network interface card (NIC) – An expansion board inserted into a computer so that the computer can be connected to a network. • Video card – A board that plugs into a PC to give it display capabilities. • Audio card – An expansion board that enables a computer to manipulate and output sounds. • Parallel port – An interface capable of transferring more than one bit simultaneously that is used to connect external devices such as printers. • Serial port – An interface that can be used for serial communication in which only one bit is transmitted at a time. • Mouse port – A port used to connect a mouse to a PC. • USB port – A Universal Serial Bus connector. A USB port connects devices such as a mouse or printer to the computer ...

1.2.2 RIP V2 Features

1.2.2 RIP V2 Features This page will discuss RIP v2, which is an improved version of RIP v1. Both versions of RIP share the following features: It is a distance vector protocol that uses a hop count metric. It uses hold down timers to prevent routing loops – default is 180 seconds. It uses split horizon to prevent routing loops. It uses 16 hops as a metric for infinite distance. RIP v2 provides prefix routing, which allows it to send out subnet mask information with the route update. Therefore, RIP v2 supports the use of classless routing in which different subnets within the same network can use different subnet masks, as in VLSM. RIP v2 provides for authentication in its updates. A set of keys can be used on an interface as an authentication check. RIP v2 allows for a choice of the type of authentication to be used in RIP v2 packets. The choice can be either clear text or Message-Digest 5 (MD5) encryption. Clear text is the default. MD5 can be used t...

CCNA :) Be a Good Network Administrator

Search This Blog