Routers and serial connections

Routers and serial connections 5.2.3 This page will describe how routers and serial connections are used in a WAN.


Routers are responsible for routing data packets from source to destination within the LAN, and for providing connectivity to the WAN. Within a LAN environment the router contains broadcasts, provides local address resolution services, such as ARP and RARP, and may segment the network using a subnetwork structure. In order to provide these services the router must be connected to the LAN and WAN.

In addition to determining the cable type, it is necessary to determine whether DTE or DCE connectors are required. The DTE is the endpoint of the user’s device on the WAN link. The DCE is typically the point where responsibility for delivering data passes into the hands of the service provider.

When connecting directly to a service provider, or to a device such as a CSU/DSU that will perform signal clocking, the router is a DTE and needs a DTE serial cable. This is typically the case for routers. However, there are cases when the router will need to be the DCE. When performing a back-to-back router scenario in a test environment, one of the routers will be a DTE and the other will be a DCE.

When cabling routers for serial connectivity, the routers will either have fixed or modular ports. The type of port being used will affect the syntax used later to configure each interface.

Interfaces on routers with fixed serial ports are labeled for port type and port number.

Interfaces on routers with modular serial ports are labeled for port type, slot, and port number. The slot is the location of the module. To configure a port on a modular card, it is necessary to specify the interface using the syntax “port type slot number/port number”. Use the label “serial 1/0”, when the interface is serial, the slot number where the module is installed is slot 1, and the port that is being referenced is port 0.

The next page discusses routers and ISDN BRI connections.