Overview of TCP/IP Error Message
ICMP
8.1.1 This page will introduce a protocol that addresses the limitations of IP.
IP is an unreliable method for the delivery of network data. It is known as a best effort delivery mechanism. It has no built-in process to ensure that data is delivered if problems exist with network communication. If an intermediary device such as a router fails, or if a destination device is disconnected from the network, data cannot be delivered. Additionally, nothing in its basic design allows IP to notify the sender that a data transmission has failed. ICMP is the component of the TCP/IP protocol stack that addresses this basic limitation of IP. ICMP does not overcome the unreliability issues in IP. Reliability is provided by upper layer protocols.
The next page will explain how ICMP reports delivery errors.
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