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Module 10: Routing Fundamentals and Subnets / Overview

Overview
Internet Protocol (IP) is the main routed protocol of the Internet. IP addresses are used to route packets from a source to a destination through the best available path. The propagation of packets, encapsulation changes, and connection-oriented and connectionless protocols are also critical to ensure that data is properly transmitted to its destination. This module will provide an overview for each.


The difference between routing and routed protocols is a common source of confusion. The two words sound similar but are quite different. Routers use routing protocols to build tables that are used to determine the best path to a host on the Internet.

Not all organizations can fit into the three class system of A, B, and C addresses. Flexibility exists within the class system through subnets. Subnets allow network administrators to determine the size of the network they will work with. After they decide how to segment their networks, they can use subnet masks to determine the location of each device on a network.

This module covers some of the objectives for the CCNA 640-801, INTRO 640-821, and ICND 640-811 exams.

Students who complete this module should be able to perform the following tasks:

• Describe routed protocols
• List the steps of data encapsulation in an internetwork as data is routed to Layer 3 devices
• Describe connectionless and connection-oriented delivery
• Name the IP packet fields
• Describe how data is routed
• Compare and contrast different types of routing protocols
• List and describe several metrics used by routing protocols
• List several uses for subnetting
• Determine the subnet mask for a given situation
• Use a subnet mask to determine the subnet ID

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